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Conversion efficiency refers to the ration between continuous and stable power in the actual the power supply and nominal power .

Equalizing charge is a continuous recharging to ensure that each single cell is fully charged.

 Full charge refers that all the available active substances in the battery change to the state of full charge.

Charging efficiency is ration that released power in the condition of discharge versus the power restored the initial charging state. Charging efficiency is affected by charging rate and environment temperature. During the charging, charging current must be within a certain range, the current too small or too large ,charging efficiency is low .Since the batteries exist self-discharge, batteries can’t be charged fully, and battery closer saturation, charging efficiency is lower.

Discharge efficiency is ration that released actual power in the certain condition of discharge to final voltage versus nominal capacity . Discharge efficiency is affected mainly by the discharge rate, environmental temperature, the resistance. Normally, higher discharge rate, the lower discharge efficiency. Temperature is lower, the discharge efficiency is lower.

Internal resistance of the battery (including metal resistance, solution resistance, separator resistance), gas generation during electrolysis of water can cause loss of power. The gases are generated during overcharging and over-discharging. When the battery is overcharged, water can be decomposed, battery anode generates oxygen , negative generates hydrogen .If the batteries are overcharged 1Ah, generally, the gas of 4.1 cm3 will be generated., the opposite situation during over-discharge. The battery commonly uses the method of excess capacity of battery negative to prevent excess hydrogen. overcharge or over-discharge will damage the battery life, so in use process, avoid overcharge and over-discharge.

Equalizing charge is a continuous recharging to ensure that each single cell is fully charged,. The current generally is about 0.2 ItA , the environmental temperature should be about 20 ?. If charging conditions can’t be guaranteed, the battery charging state will be affected, such as: if the charging current is higher, electrolysis of water is more vigorous, the battery can’t be charged fully. Environmental temperature is exorbitant, the electrolyte is easy to be volatilized , it causes "dry" battery, and damages the battery life.

Commonly constant current charge and constant voltage charge are used for full charge at 20? ??

?1?Constant current charge : charge the battery at current of 0.2 ItA for 8 hours.

?2?If the battery is not used, the battery capacity should be supplemented with low current of 0.1 ItA -0.05 ItA for long time.

?3?According to the use condition of the battery, rated voltage can be different: a) if the battery is for standby, and occasional discharge? two sections can be adopted to charge the battery (first stage: 145-1.70 V/single cell, the second stage: 1.40 V/single cell) or one section can be adopted to charge the battery(143-1.50 V/single cell) , b) If the battery is used frequently, the battery is charged at the voltage of 1.5-1.60 V/single cell.

The purpose of full charge is to let all the available active substances be fully utilized, and ensure the capacity of the battery.